In the Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful

The Political System of Islam

Islamic political system is the only system of governance that ensures the basic human rights and guarantees equal opportunities to the people of all colours and creeds. Last sermon of the Prophet, Muhammad (pbuh), outlines the basic principles of the system that he had introduced to the world about 14 centuries ago. Following are a text of the last sermon of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) and articles by reputable Muslim scholars highlighting various aspects of the Islamic political framework.

Last Sermon of Prophet Muhammad (SAWS)

"All mankind is from Adam and Eve, an Arab has no superiority over a non-Arab nor a non-Arab has any superiority over an Arab; also a white has no superiority over a black nor a black has any superiority over a white - except by piety and good action. Learn that every Muslim is a brother to every Muslim and that the Muslims constitute one brotherhood. Nothing shall be legitimate to a Muslim which belogs to a fellow Muslim unless it was given freely and willingly. Do not therefore do injustice to yourselves. Remember one day you will meet Allah and answer your deeds. So beware: do not stray from the path of righteousness after I am gone."

The Political Framework of Islam

Speech of late Syed Abul A'la Maudoodi

"What distinguishes Islamic democracy from Western democracy, therefore, is that the latter is based on the concept of popular sovereignty, while the former rests on the principle of popular Khilafa. In Western democracy, the people are sovereign; in Islam sovereignty is vested in Allah and the people are His caliphs or representatives. In the former the people make their own; in the latter they have to follow and obey the laws (Shari’a) given by Allah through His Prophet. In one the government undertakes to fulfil the will of the people; in the other the government and the people have to fulfil the will of Allah."

Constitutional and Legislative Framework of Khilafah

Dr. Israr Ahmad

"The entire concept of Khilafah is based on the rejection or negation of human sovereignty. The Holy Qur’an repeatedly proclaims that absolute sovereignty belongs to Almighty Allah (SWT) alone. Since human beings cannot claim to be sovereigns, all they are left with, therefore, is vicegerency. Man is not sovereign in his own right, but he is the khalifah of Allah - the vicegerent of God. The Holy Qur’an describes the status of Adam (AS) in these words: "And (remember) when your Lord said to the angels: Verily, I am going to appoint a vicegerent in earth…" (Al-Baqarah 2:30). "

The Rights of Citizens in an Islalmic State

Speech of late Syed Abul A'la Maudoodi

"Under no circumstances does Islam permit an individual or a group or party of individuals to deprive the common Muslims of their rights or usurp powers of the state. Nor does Islam regard it as right and proper for an individual to put on a false show of setting up a legislative assembly and by means of such tactics as fraud, persecution, bribery and so on, get himself and men of his choice elected to the assembly. This is not only treachery against the people whose rights are illegally usurped, but also against the Creator who has entrusted Muslims to rule on earth on His behalf, and has prescribed the procedure of an assembly for exercising these powers."

The Rights of Citizens in Islalm

By Prof Ziauddin Ahmad, Dawn Karachi

"The Quran and the Sunnah both have emphasized the significance and paramount importance of knowledge and learning. No citizen of the state should be left ignorant and in total darkness but the rays of learning must penetrate into his mind and heart to illuminate him and make him a creative, thinking and lively person.

Defining Modernity

Basit Bilal Koshul

"The combined effects of scientism, secularism, and capitalism have led to the death of transcendence and metaphysics in the modern West. This is evidenced by the loss of faith in anything that lies beyond the visible material universe, and which therefore cannot be measured by scientific instruments. This is the defining characteristic that distinguishes the modern West from all pre-modern societies."

The Rights of Enemies in War

Speech of late Syed Abul A'la Maudoodi

"The rules which have been framed by Islam to make war civilized and humane are in the nature of law, because they are the injunctions of Allah and His prophet (blessings of Allah and peace be upon him) which are followed by Muslims in all circumstances, irrespective of the behavior of the enemy. It would be instructive to research into how well the West has adopted the laws of war given by Islam fourteen hundred years ago; and, even after their adoption, how well the West has managed to attain those heights of civilized and human warfare behaviour which Muslims have reached through the blessings of Islam."

On the paralysis of Muslim mind

Speech of late Syed Abul A'la Maudoodi

"...the march of Islam suddenly stopped when the Muslim religious leaders and scholars gave up delving into the Quran, stopped, ascertainment and scrutiny of the Traditions of the prophet(pbuh), blindly followed exegesists and narrators of Traditions, when the casuistic works of the jurists and scholars of the past were made unalterable and permanent laws, when direct acquisition of knowledge from the Quran and sunnah was given up and when the side issues and the details worked out by the scholars of the past were regarded as the main and principal issues leaving aside the fundamentals of the Quran and sunnah. "

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